Ecology

RUNNING HEAD : Ecology

Ecology Name

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Introduction

The term ecology refers to the study of abundance and distribution of living organism in an ecosystem , together with the interaction that exists between them and the natural environment . The distribution of organisms is usually influenced by the adaptation of a certain organism to the environment . An adaptation refers to an organism 's ability to exist successfully in a given environment . Therefore , organisms can only exist in environments that they are adapted to . When a given species of

br animal or plant is adapted in a given natural environment , then it becomes distributed in that environment densely and in high numbers Those that lack the ability to adapt well are poorly distributed , since they cannot cope with the pressures or stress that emanate from the environmental conditions . Different species of plants can be adapted to low and high -nutrient environments . Plants always try to adapt to the environments in several ways . The plants that inhabit low -nutrient areas grow at a slow rate , as an adaptation to the scarcity of nutrients . These plants also have the ability to recycle nutrients internally . Those in high nutrient areas on the other hand grow fast They have the ability to control the absorption of nutrients at minimum levels . The breakdown of dead organic matter in the soil undergoes several processes . The first process of breakdown involves the alteration of the organic matter chemical components . This is then followed by another process , whereby the chemical components are split or fragmented . After undergoing these two processes , the organic matter mineral nutrients are then released into the soil and they are then converted into simpler components that can be absorbed by the plants

The day length influences the seasonal activity of plants and animals because the length of the day length triggers certain changes . These changes include the climatic patterns in an area . Both plants and animals synchronize their behavioral and physiological activities with the seasonal changes . By doing this , they are able to carry out certain activities based on the season of the year . For example , the migration in animals is sometimes synchronized with the seasonal changes . Plants on the other hand , synchronize activities such as pollination with seasons when the activity can be easily facilitated by the pollinators

Temperature conditions in a given natural ecosystem affect the response of both the homeotherms and the poikilotherms . While the homeotherms have the ability to maintain their internal environment temperature at a stable level , the poikilotherms on the other hand cannot regulate their internal environment temperature . Changes in temperature triggers behavioral changes in poikilotherms as they try to regulate their body temperature depending on the external temperature For example , some poikilotherms may bask out in the sun so as to regulate body temperature by warming their bodies . The homeotherms try to regulate their body temperature using feedback mechanisms in their body systems . For instance , their blood vessels may undergo dilatation or constriction as their bodies try to conserve heat...