Discuss the different types of learning and give examples of each

Sometimes there is no need for a third person to provide the required reinforcement . If the observer is seeing how another person is doing some work and getting enjoyment out of it , he would also do the same work and gets the enjoyment . Thus the reinforcement is included in the consequences of the imitated behavior . The consequences can affect the behavior explicitly . So it is also known as vicarious reinforcement For example a group of students were shown a film clip in which a child is being praised for hitting a doll . The

students began to do the same without getting reinforced by themselves . Thus according to this theory reinforcement and punishment affects the behavior of a person indirectly , or it influence the behavior which is already learned . Here attention plays an important role in learning . For example if the teacher tells that the lesson going to be taken will not be there for a test , the students pays only less attention . Thus attention and expectations of the consequences are critical factors , which affect this learning technique

There are two types of models , which influence the behavior of a person They are live models and symbolic models (television . Four conditions are necessary for modeling to be more effective (Ormrod , 1999 . The learner must pay attention to the model , he should be able to remember the behavior of the model , he should be able to do as the model and finally he should have the necessary motivation to do what he has learned

Modeling affects the behavior in four ways (Ormrod , 1999 . It teaches an altogether new behavior , increase the frequency of certain behavior some of behaviors , which were previously forbidden are encouraged , and it increase the frequency of similar behavior

Social learning helps to improve self-efficacy or self-confidence of a...