Diabetes and nutrition care and counseling

Diabetes and Nutrition

A group of clinical syndromes characterized by hyperglycemia arising as a result of absolute or relative insulin deficiency is known as diabetes mellitus . There are mainly 2 types of diabetes mellitus namely , type-1 and type-2 . Type-1 diabetes mellitus occurs commonly in younger people with no hereditary factors and is due to absolute insulin deficiency resulting from pancreatic beta-cell destruction (Votey and Peters , 2009 . Type-2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes and occurs in older people with hereditary factors or predisposable factors like obesity and sedentary

lifestyle . It occurs due to a combination of peripheral resistance to insulin action and an inadequate secretory response by the beta cells

According to the 2005 statistics (Votey and Peters , 2008 , it has been estimated that about 7 of US population suffer from diabetes . This accounts to about 20 .8 million . Of these , 14 .6 million have proper diagnosis of diabetes and 6 .2 million are yet to be diagnosed (Votey and Peters , 2009 . 10 of the diabetic cases are due to type-1 diabetes and the rest are due to type-2 . Research has shown that Whites are more affected than blacks as far as diabetes is concerned . The male-female ratio is 1 :1 (Votey and Peters , 2009 . Type- Diabetes is typically diagnosed either in childhood , teen years or early adulthood . Rarely , it may also manifest in older age group and this can be recognised by measuring islet-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD ) antibodies (Votey and Peters , 2009 . The incidence of diabetes in...