`Despite its short term success `Surrender and Regrant` was doomed to failure in the long term.` Discuss.

Surrender and Regrant

English Interventions in Ireland

After the conquest of England by the Normans during the latter part of the 12th century , English monarchs turned their eyes to the island west of Britain . As early as 10 years after the Norman conquest of Britain Norman settlements were already numerous in Ireland . In 1366 , the Anglo-Irish parliament passed the so-called Statute of Kilkenny . Under this act , those who followed the Irish customs or made allegiance with the native Irish population would be excommunicated by the English Church (Catholic Church in England

) or would be subject to heavy fines The law though was a futile response to the growing national consciousness of the native Irish population . Most of the Irish nobles and peasants knew that they belong to a country , of which the English were the foreigners . It would take a new English army stationed in Ireland to put an end to small dissents ' This situation was made more prominent during the War of the Roses , when English settlements around the coastal areas of Northern Ireland decreased . In 1494 , Sir Edward Poynings was commissioned by the English king to extend English interests in Ireland . Upon arrival in Ireland , he sought the support of the Irish nobles and revived the Anglo-Irish parliament . The Statute of Kilkenny was reestablished and some parts of Ireland were opened to English settlement . All offices in Ireland were subject to the discretion of the English monarch . Appointments were customary under the King of England . English law was also declared to be valid throughout the whole island . Poynings also introduced the so-called Poynings Law which made any legislative act of the Irish parliament invalid until the English monarch had given his approval

When the Tudor king , Henry VIII made himself the head of the Church of England , several Irish nobles became suspicious that he would extend his spiritual lordship ' in Ireland 's Catholic Church . This was a natural response of the Catholic Irish nobles in their attempt to unite the country under one religion . It was noted that in England , many monasteries were disbanded (many were destroyed . The religious s were asked to leave by the English monarch . This was extended to Ireland . The spoils from Irish monasteries though were distributed to Irish nobles , causing them to declare their allegiance to the Tudor king . In 1541 , the Irish Parliament declared Henry VII king of Ireland in recognition of his ' noble achievements

Surrender and Regrant Agreement of 1541

It was also during Henry VIII 's recognition as king of England that the Surrender and Regrant ' Agreement was negotiated by Irish nobles and the English administrators . This agreement was used to summarize the Tudor diplomatic strategy of assimilating Gaelic lords in Ireland into English political and social structures without the significant loss of status or power . Generally , the agreement demanded that the Irish lords renounce their Gaelic titles and assume an English one (to be granted by the King of England . The lords would also receive a royal land grant...