DNA Technologies in DNA Forensics

DNA FORENSIC

Abstract

Recorded history of forensic dates back to 700 A .D . Human identification through DNA analysis is about 15 years old and is widely considered the most significant evolution since fingerprints were developed more than a century ago . Result of DNA analysis is based on scientifically proven techniques , and unprejudiced procedures . Last decade has witnessed an immense increase in DNA profiling and its application in the court houses . This will focus on analyzing the efficacy of DNA forensic scrutinizing its uses while keeping an eye on the future p

Introduction

Perhaps , the first ever crime on the earth was committed by the Adam himself . The story is never ending since then . Crime started growing with increasing requirement of resources by the human . There came a time when societies realized that they need to curtail the crime by awarding public punishments to the culprits . For this purpose , the culprits had to be caught and prosecuted with evidence . As the time passed and societies grew , crime expanded and became more complicated and sophisticated . A strong need hence developed to utilize the best available technology and scientific know-how for bringing the culprits to justice . The concept of `Forensic ' thus evolved

The American Heritage Dictionary defines the word forensic as the use of science or technology in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law ' The latest development in its inventory is the use of DNA technology in resolution of criminal cases Main purpose of exploring genetics in criminal investigations is to positively identify the culprit or the victim of a crime . DNA analysis also referred as DNA fingerprinting is the primary mean employed in forensic genetics (Wikipedia , 2005

DNA analysis is based on scientific and dispassionate conclusions , and therefore can be of great assistance in bringing the right persons to justice . Importance of DNA forensic can be judged from the fact that it is now admissible evidence in court proceedings . The cases of homicide and sexual assaults are invariably expected to be supported through DNA evidence . This will be analyzing the accuracy and efficacy of DNA forensic through meticulous scrutiny of available technology and highlighting its benefits along with its limitations and concerns . The future of technology will be highlighted by perceiving the developments in relevant fields

Forensic History

Inman and Ruding in their book `Principles Practice of Criminalistics The Profession of Forensic Science ' endorsed a detailed account of the forensic time line . The book highlights that the field of forensic science has come a very long way since its recorded beginnings in the 700s , when the Chinese used fingerprints to establish the identity of documents and clay sculptures .The first written account of using medicine and entomology to solve criminal cases is attributed to the book Xi Yuan Ji Lu (translated as "Collected Cases of Injustice Rectified , written in 1248 by Song Ci (1186-1249 . In sixteenth century , medical researchers and practitioners in European universities commenced analyzing the causes of death . In 1806 , a German...