Comparison some Theories of Motivation

: Comparison some Theories of Motivation

What is motivation ? People are motivated when they want to do something and make progress . Mixed motives range from conscious to unconscious are necessary for action but not sufficient in themselves , hence we must judge a person 's motives from their overt actions (John Adair :1996 :19 Motives don 't always correspond with reasons for actions . Motivation also means extending to moving other people to action (J .Adair :1996 :19 and covers the reasons which underlie the way in which a person act (J .Adair :1990 :1 .Who

motivates people ? What makes them tick ? Why do you do anything ? This is a subject of perennial fascination . It is especially important for anyone who works with other people - to think about this question in some depth . Perhaps the first step to answering these questions is to explore the central concept of motivation Motivation is the word referring the reason of engaging in a particular behavior , especially human behavior as studied in psychology and neuropsychology . The main focus of the essay is to explore Maslow ' s (after Freud and Jung ) Hierarchy of Needs . His idea will be compared with those of Friderick Hertzberg 's Theory of Hygiene and F . W . Taylor 's Theory of Motivation

Perhaps , there is no theory of motivation which has been as much influential on the thinking of managers as an Abraham Maslow ' s hierarchy of needs . A person is motivated by an inner programme of needs ' which are arranged in sets and it suggests that external motives such as rewards or punishment are not a factors of motivation Because a satisfied need ceases to motivate when one set is satisfied automatically , another comes into play ( J .Adair :1996 :30

Drawn from the work of Maslow makes the point that needs are organized on a priority basis ( J .Adair :1990 :7 . This fairly definite hierarchy is arranged by the basic needs (A .H .Maslow :1987 :56 . But , can human needs be mapped ? Does the satisfaction of one set of conscious needs trigger off into consciousness another set of previously unconscious needs J .Adair :1996 :30 ) A confident answer on this question is offered by Abraham Maslow : Man is a wanting animal and rarely reaches a state of complete satisfaction except for a short time . As one desire is satisfied , another pops up to take its place . When this is satisfied still another comes into the foreground . It is characteristic of the human being throughout his whole life that he is practically always desiring something . We are faced then with the necessity of studying the relationships of all the motivations to each other and we are concomitantly faced with the necessity of giving up the motivational units in isolation if we are to achieve the broad understanding that we seek for (A .H .Maslow :1987 :34

Maslow `s needs hierarchy identifies five sets of needs from the most biological to the most psychological : (1 ) physiological ( such as hunger-thirst (2 ) safety and security...