Paper Topic:

The Communist Manifesto

Communist Manifesto 1 Communist Manifesto

Communist Manifesto 2

The very first line of Communist Manifesto , written by Karl Marx and F .Engels , starts with the words The history of all hitherto-existing society , excepting the primitive communism , is the history of class-struggle . The above mentioned line represents the main idea of the whole book

Marxian Idea

Marx opines that state is created by some power-mongers and so , state is not at all an ethical institution . It is a creation of Bourgeois class by which they can use the state as

an `instrument of oppression In primitive communism , there was no conception about private property Equality was the main ideal of the society . Afterwards , this society was split up and then , emerged the Haves ' and Have-nots , and as a result , the class struggle began . Gradually the state came into being The power switched from one class to the other with the simultaneous change of generation . So , although the strategy of oppression did change , the oppression still remained . According to Marx , capitalism would be the final stage of class struggle , because at this stage , the proletariat will launch a bloody and victorious revolution . In `Communist Manifesto , Marx gave emphasis on the concept of Dialectical Materialism . He explained everything of the society from the materialistic point of view and never gave importance on spirit or God This concept helped him to establish the theory of class-struggle and the `structure ' and the `super-structure ' model . Marx concludes his book with an optimistic point of view . He hoped that with the collapse of the capitalistic society , the state will `whither away ' and people will be back in primitive communistic society . This will be the age of `proletariat dictatorship

Strong Points

1 ) There was a Primitive society which was based on perfect equality .2 This society was split up with the emergence of agriculture . 3 ) The economically-dominant class needed political power for perpetuating their interests and the state came into being to protect them . 4 ) The state is an

Communist Manifesto 3

instrument of oppression . 5 ) Economic supremacy passed into different groups in social evolution and , with such change , state-power also came up from one group to other . 6 ) He advocated for a revolution , because history tells us that no major change has came up in peace . 7 ) The have-nots ' must unite because , historically , disunity has given us nothing

Criticism Weak Points

Marx opined that capitalism would be the last-stage of class struggle and that would come to an end after the revolution . But as Agarwala points out , it has proved to be `fallacious '2 . According to Keynesian `General Theory , capitalism has revised itself and the revision is still continuing . 2 ) As R .N . Carrew-Hunt observes , Larger events in our political life are determined by the interaction of material condition and human passion '3 . So , economics is not the only guiding factor . 3 ) From Marxian view point , after victorious revolution of proletariat , dictatorship of `have-nots ' must come up . But in practice dictatorship of few or one man has...

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