Communication and Media

1 . Compare the transmission and cultural models of communication

Transmission model

There are five elements in the transmission model of communication . The first element is an information source . This is from where the message is produced . The message is then encoded by the second element of the model which is the transmitter . The transmitter encodes the message into signals which are adapted to a channel (the third element ) from which they are transmitted . Once the message is transmitted , the fourth element in the form of the message 's receiver reconstructs the message

br by decoding the signals created by the transmitter . The final element is the destination of the message . A sixth element called noise is added as a dysfunctional factor which may or may not be present . It takes into consideration the interferences that may lead to a distortion of the signals transmitted and hence to the resulting received message

Cultural Model

The cultural model on the other hand acknowledges that communicated meanings are actively created not just by the initiators of the message but by both them and the interpreters of the receiver . It is difficult to view this model in the same structured manner as the transmission model simply because the point of the cultural model itself is to accept that communication is not structured

Comparison

The cultural model takes into consideration how individual differences inherent to humanity affect communication beyond transmission model 's linear perspective . Where participants in a transmission model are treated as mechanical beings that simply send or receive messages to and from one another , the cultural model treats the participants in the communication process as highly diverse individuals that have the capacity to interpret a message in several equally acceptable meanings

To the cultural model , there are no specific senders and receivers of the message , only participants in the communication process . This is contrary to the transmission model 's strict stand on the need of labeling one of the communicating individuals as sender and the other as receiver . Hence in the cultural model , sending and receiving massages can happen simultaneously from either participant , while in the transmission model it can only come from one source at a time and be received likewise

In the transmission model , the message 's role is to be sent by the sender and received by the receiver . The role of a message is done once it has reached its destination . In the cultural model , the message constantly evolves between the participants , constantly evolving according to the flow of the communication

The transmission model emphasizes the basic function of communication as the bringer of influence from one point in space to the point in space that is travelled by the message . The cultural model rejects this notion as insufficient and presents that the basic function of communication is to influence both spaces across time

2 . Oral culture

Oral culture simply refers to the transmission of historical accounts literary creations , mandated laws or other forms of communicated messages through generations of...