Chapter2 Literature Review: Analysis impacts of smoking ban on F&B establishments

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter focuses on a literature review that related to the impact of smoking ban in the Food and Beverage establishments . Moreover , this chapter will look at the impact of smoking ban on the revenue in Food and Beverage establishments , the cost related to smoking ban policy , the customer visit in relation to the ban policy , the customer satisfaction in relation to the new policy in food and beverage establishments , the health issue in relation to smoking ban legislation and the smoking legislation in Indonesia

II

. 1 . The impact of smoking ban policy on the revenue

In many countries , the government have already done various numbers of policies or regulations that is related to tobacco and the routine of smoking . Ever since , cigarette smoking is pointless habit that has only overwhelming consequences around the world , global banning of cigarette smoking should be a world wide mission (Rivero et al , 2006 :12 . The consequences can be in a matter of economic as well as health . In economics , smoking is a possible source of revenue for the nation 's tax however , in health , the consequences is always negative , on which it is common information that cigarette smoking is hazardous to health . In one regulation , the ban policy on smoking is considered to have its negative blow in specific people or into a certain industry is to ban smoking in public places (Rivero et al . 2006 :1 , defines public places as locations that are accessible to the public without any restrictions like the - restaurants , pubs / bars , shops , offices , meeting places schools , sport centres , etc

It has been forecasted that various objections may take place down with the policy to ban smoking in public places . Particularly , specific objections come from the hospitality industry that is co-related with public places . Furthermore , the most of the hospitality industry has already resisted any attempts of ban smoking regulation (Pratten 2003 :121 . More likely , this has more to do with the fact that restaurant managers do not like being instructed by force of the government to implement specific ban policy (Frewin , 1997a , cited in Cuthbert and Nickson , 1999 :32

With this , it is clear that there are some grounds behind these resistances and a potential loss in business revenue is constantly cited as the main reason of the objections to a smoking ban policy (McNabb and Hearns , 2005 :185 . This is supported the by Cuthbert and Nickson (1999 :34 ) who have stated that the most cited grounds for no implementations of no-smoking policy is that banning smoking in restaurants will only mean a drop down in the business . Hence , policy makers must be aware that business revenue in Food and Beverage establishments predominantly cafes and bars depends as well on smoking customers

An attempt to introduce bans on smoking in most restaurants is commonly flawed by the claims that they will only lead to a failure of business (Samuels and Glantz , 1991 Traynor , 1992 , cited in Wakefield , Roberts and Miller , 1999 :53 . It is...