Case study

: Case study

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: language c . The amount of money spent on scientific research is related to the effect or impact that research has on society . For example , the amount of money spent on cancer is far more than the amount spent on acne . Some of the money spent on cancer research is used to create drugs that stop cancer cells from growing . Examine the cell cycle . If you were to create a cancer drug , at what stage of the cell cycle would the drug be most

br beneficial ? Why ? Why is spending millions of dollars on cancer research to create drugs that target the cell cycle beneficial to society

One of the areas in which a lot of research is currently being conducted to stop cancerous cells from growing is the use of anticancer drugs that control cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs . These are protein kinases that regulate the progression of the cell cycle in human beings and animals , so that the normal enzymatic activity can be achieved Several other events in the cell such as phosphorylation and dephosphorylation control the CDK activity . The CDKs play a very important role in the phases between the cell cycle (works in association with several other substances such as CDK inhibitors and cyclins . When the cancerous cells are formed in the body , the activity of CDK inhibitors and cyclins is disoriented , leading to defective CDK activity and abnormal cell growth . Keeping this mechanism in mind , a lot of research is being conducted to develop a specific kinase inhibitors that will obstruct the progression of the cell cycle and hence obstruct the growth of the cancerous cells . Usually , the cell cycle can be arrested at the G1-S or the G2-M phases using these substances . Some of the cancerous may not get destroyed in these phases , but may be more sensitive to the environmental factors (especially the presence of anticancer drugs ) and genetic factors that exist in the future stages . Anticancer drugs are more effective if they act at multiple stages in the cell cycle . Another effective way of destroying cancer cells would be to use one or more anticancer drugs that would sensitize the cells and make them prone for destruction by another anticancer drug acting on at a different phase in the cell cycle (Shapiro et al , 1999

At present , a lot of research is being conducted on the potential implications of anticancer drugs that would be targeting certain phases in the cell cycle . This research would also improve the ability of the present anticancer drugs in destroying the cancerous cells . Use of anticancer drugs that have an effect on certain phases of the cell cycle seem to be promising to treat several malignant conditions such as lymphomas , leukemias , melanomas , carcinomas , etc . It is not only important to determine the substances and the quantity required to interrupt the cell cycle progression , but also the anticancer drug that they would work in association with . For this reason , immense...