Bus 200.princeiples of management

A communication which is backed up by a record is known as formal communication . It serves as a proof for attributing the conclusions of a communication . Communication can be effected verbally , in writing or through actions . Agreements , letters and notices are written forms of formal communication . On the other hand , appraisal meetings , new hire orientation , interviews , employee training programs and conferences can be categorized as oral forms of formal communication

The various channels of formal communication are e-mail , teleconference internal magazines and bulletin boards (Weedman , 1999 . In all these cases , a

record of the communication is maintained by the parties involved . In an organization , formal communication is only carried through channels that are officially approved . This communication can be either within the organization or across various firms . Moreover , each organization is governed by its own communication policy

The three different kinds of formal communication are horizontal communication , downward communication and upward communication Horizontal communication is the type of direct communication which takes place between people of same grade in an organization . This kind of communication usually takes place between two associates from two different departments in the same office . It helps them to easily sort out mundane official issues . It also promotes easy sharing of information and other resources . However , it may also give way to informal discussions

Communication which originates from a higher level of office and reaches a lower-ranked office is known downward communication . It usually happens between a manager and a subordinate , wherein instructions and strategies are conveyed . However , this type of communication can bring in a sense of bureaucracy in the organization . The final type of communication is the upward communication which allows employees to reports , procedures followed and problems faced to their superiors

Reference

Weedman , J (1999 "Informal and formal channels in boundary-spanning communication " Journal of the American Society for Information Science 43 , 3 , 257-267

FORMAL COMMUNICATION

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