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Running Head : BULLYING IN SCHOOLS

The Prominence and Effect of Bullying in Schools

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Introduction to the

In defining the term bullying ' Cornell (2006 ) cites Olweus (1993 and defines the terms to be a repetitive interaction between two parties (p . 83 . However , there is an important addition to this definition to create a better and precise picture of the term . Findley (2006 ) finds that a particular act , in to be considered as an act of

bullying , should involve an aggressive behavior that is a reflection of an abuse in terms of power . It could be noticed that being left with the definition provided by Cornell (2006 ) alone would somehow mislead the readers into thinking that every interaction that occurs between to individuals or groups can be considered under this category . Therefore it is to be noted that the element of abuse in terms of power defines the main characteristic of bullying

It is seen that bullying is very prominent and is very likely to occur in schools . Its impact is also undeniable where Sharon Sharp , Thompson Arora , and Sonia Sharp mention that , through a meta-analytical study conducted , a low self-esteem and the experience of being bullied are often associated with one another (2002 . There are three broad categories to which the impacts of bullying may be categorized . These three categories include physical , emotional , and academic effects (McGrath Charles , 2006

The range of physical impact includes physical injuries derived from the incident of bullying , stress-related diss , and attempts to suicide (McGrath Charles , 2006 . Related impacts are under the category of emotional effects include presence of negative feelings with regard to socialization and relationships , increase in distress and fretfulness misery , and perceptions of self to be inferior (McGrath Charles 2006 . Lastly , academic effects are also present which are seen with increased absences as an escape from being bullied and due to illnesses lower levels of academic accomplishments , and problems related to academic focus (McGrath Charles , 2006

In the context of Australian schools , it has been argued by Olweus (1991 ) and Smith and Thompson (1991 ) that bullying is seen to be prevalent in schools despite the initial denial that came from the principals and heads of schools (Rigby Slee , 1999 . It is in the year 2000 where a program called the Friendly Schools Project is implemented as a pilot test in response to the need for an intervention to address the problem of bullying (Cross , Hall , Hamilton , Pintabona Erceg 2004 . The success has been commented by the different stakeholders with regard to the project in terms of its attainment of goals provided before (Cross , Hall , Hamilton , Pintabona Erceg 2004

Research Methodology

The research methodology follows the structure of a qualitative research methodology . Qualitative research is considered as the most common type of research that is used to study the human population in its natural setting . There are particular elements that are associated with...