Article summary

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Chatzigianakis , Kokkinos , and Zaroliagis (2006 ) have found that in ad-hoc mobile networks , when one mobile node wants to communicate with the other the method of 'flooding ' is normally used . It involves broadcasting of a packet to all the nodes that fall in the transmission radius of the sender , and so on , till all the nodes in the connected region receive the packet . This obviously wastes majority of the available bandwidth . Protocols have been devised to overcome this problem , taking into consideration the approach for establishing communication . The Path Construction

and Maintenance Approach tries to construct and dynamically update the paths between the sender and receiver node , it gives a topology of a network by a series of message passes (p . 90 . The implemented protocols , namely DSR (Distance Source Routing ) and ZRP (Zone Routing Protocol , operate well in low mobility networks , giving high message delivery rates and low message delivery delays . The Support Approach , on the contrary , takes advantage of the mobile user 's natural movement and exchanges information whenever mobile hosts meet accidentally . The implemented protocol , RUNNERS (Runners Support Routing Protocol , gives high performance in networks of high mobility . Hence , two new protocols are developed by synthesis of the DSR and ZRP with the RUNNERS protocol , called as DSR-R and ZRP-R respectively . These protocols give high message delivery rates and low message delivery delays even in high mobility networks , combining the benefits of both the approaches above (p . 91 . This is "a step forward in creating a unifying...