Approaches to the study of pyschology

Approaches to the study of psychology

2004

The humanistic and socioculture approaches were developed as a feedback to the limitations of psychodynamic theories . When like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow , and later Jean Piaget and Lev Vigotsky found that psychoanalysis cannot be used to explain the phenomena of human behavior and mental development . The evolution of new approaches was related to positive accepting of mental development , to the critique and the rejection of determinism of psychodynamic theories . Humanistic and socioculture approaches have own merits and demerits . In this concise review

we will compare and contrast the humanistic and socioculture approaches

The sharpest distinction of the humanistic approach is the emphasis on subjective meaning and the key idea of self-actualization . Humanistic psychologists believe that behavior is primarily determined by personal perception and that the individuals have intrinsic motivation to perform their human potential . Some authors (Doi A , Ikemi A (2003 ) wrote that the central issue in humanistic psychology is feeling process occurs in interaction . Today it is humanistic approach is used widely in the psychology , pedagogics and sociology . If you will use the database ERIC (Education Resources Information Center ) you will retrieve nearly 1500 publications (439 of the articles in the professional journals ) for the keywords humanistic AND approach . From retrieved sources we can see that the flowering of the researches based on the humanistic approach felt on the 1970s . Humanistic approach gives main attention on the personal experience . This fact is used by critiques . They found many limitations of application of humanistic approach in the practical life For example , in the study (1993 ) Cheng H . and Kryiacou C . found that student teachers who responded to a questionnaire (n 109 ) and participated in follow-up interviews (n 16 ) to determine their attitude toward the humanistic approach to teaching and learning in schools were generally positive about the humanistic approach while recognizing from their practice teaching that implementing the approach may be impractical . Critiques found that humanist psychologists completely reject a scientific approach , arguing that trying to turn human experience into measurements strips it of all meaning and relevance to lived existence (Wikipedia , 2004 . In her recent article (2004 Barbara Held wrote about negative issues of positive psychology represented by the followers of humanistic approach in psychology First , the negative side is construed as the negative side effects of positive psychology 's dominant , separatist message . Second , the negative side is construed as the negativity that can be found within the positive psychology movement (Held B , 2004 . The third negative component is the fact that some positive psychologists now advocate the incorporation of negative human emotion and thought in positive psychology

The socioculture approach is an approach in psychology that views human behavior as strongly influenced by the rules and expectations of specific social groups or culture . This approach mainly focuses on the roles of social environment in the development of personality . The most fundamental concept of sociocultural approach is that the human mind is mediated . Lev Vygotsky and his followers argued that individuals...