The ADDIE Instructional Design Model.

THE ADDIE MODEL - INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Introduction to the ADDIE MODEL

The ADDIE model is a generic process that is usually used by instructional designers and training developers . It offers instructional designers with a definite structure that ensures efficient instructional products . ADDIE stands for its five phases : Analysis Design , Development , Implementation , and Evaluation . These five phases are representations of a flexible and dynamic guideline for establishing effective training and support tools for performance . Each phase is represented by as a project output and a set of activities . More so each phase

ends in a review , which forms a go or a no-go point to determine whether to proceed to the next phase or not

During the Analysis phase , the instructional problem is defined and the instructional goals are established . More so , this is the phase where the learner 's present skills and knowledge and the learning environment is identified . Some of the outputs and activities to be considered in the Analysis phase are as follows

Clarify instructional problem and instructional objectives

Determine the audience and their characteristics

Identify the existing types of learning constraints

Identify the new behavioral outcome

Determine the delivery options

Determine the timeline to complete the project

In the Design phase , the complete design of the learning solution is determined . This phase addresses the training methods (administered online or detailed storyboards with training program and course content illustrations . The Design phase considers the assessment tools , lesson planning , learning objectives , content , subject matter , media selection and exercises . Therefore , this phase entails a systematic and specific approach . The following procedures are utilized in the Design phase

Documentation of a project 's instructional , technical , and visual design strategy

Application of instructional strategies based on the intended behavioral outcomes by domain (affective , cognitive , and psychomotor

Designing the use interface and experience

Prototyping the creation

Application of visual or graphic design

The Development Phase of the ADDIE model involves the creation and assembly of the content assets , which were blueprinted in the Design phase . Instructional designers and developers create storyboards , write the contents , and design the graphics in this phase . The following activities are conducted during the Development phase

Acquisition and /or creation of required media

Determining apt interactions through creativity , innovation , and exploration

Planning of activities that allows the construction of a supportive social environment

The Implementation Phase involves the development of a training procedure for both learners and facilitators . The training of facilitators should encompass the course content , learning outcomes delivery methodologies , and procedures for testing . On the other hand learners should be trained on using new tools , which will be used in the learning process . The Implementation phase usually involves only two activities : execute and maintain the learning solution

The last phase in the ADDIE model , which is the Evaluation phase consists of two parts , the Formative and Summative evaluation . The Formative evaluation is present throughout the entire ADDIE process while the Summative evaluation involves tests that are designed for criterion-related referenced items . The Summative evaluation provides opportunities for feedback...