`Child Participation` in Development

1 Child Participation in Development

Literature Review

Liben (1987 ) stated that cognitive changes ' that occur in a short period of time or that are connected to adults are considered learning (p . 71 . However , cognitive changes that occur in childhood and that impact the life span are normally considered developmental (Liben , 1987 ,

. 71 . Liben (1987 ) further specified that how the developmental process occurs for each child will depend on the cognitive strategies ' that are employed and that for each child these strategies are different (p . 71 . An example of this

is evident through Piaget 's research related to language (Montangero , Naville Wells 1997 ,

. 9 . Piaget found that children generally had two methods of communicating through language : egocentric and socialized speech (Montangero , Naville Wells , 1997

. 9 . In egocentric speech the child simply repeated the dialogue that he or she heard from others while in socialized speech the child progressively worked to manipulate others toward his or her way of thinking (Montangero , Naville Wells 1997

. 9 . These two methods of communication , however , were learned by the child from others in the environment and were associated with socialized speech , which was a result of the egocentric speech that the child had observed over the course of time (Montangero , Naville Wells 1997

. 9

The research would then suggest that there is evidence that children begin to participate in their own development from infancy through adulthood . Berk (2001 ) stipulates that this is a factual assumption because of the knowledge that from...